Typewriter



July 14, 1925.

A. MAMATEY TYPEWRITER Flad JunQ 22. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR @gil/ Win/vaag] July 14, 1925.

A. MAMATY TYTEWRITER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Patented July 14, 4v1925.v l

- UNITED s'lums 1,546,142 PATENT. oFFicE.

ALBERT MAM'ATEY, OF NORTH BRADDOCK, PENNSYLVANIA; POTTER TITLE @c TRUST COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA, ADMINISTRATOR OF SAID ALBERT MAMATEY, DECEASED, ASSIGNOR TO REMING- TON TYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF ILION, YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

-\ Application filed June 22, 1922. Serial No. 570,235.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT MAiuii'rnY, a citizen of the United States, residing at North Braddock, in the county of Allegheny .4f and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Type` writers, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description.

The present invention relates to typewriters and more particularly to typewriters for writing characters requiring diacritical marks. Such languages as Czechoslovak, German, garian employ diacritical marks such as various accents, umlauts, etc. to a greater or less extent. Some languages employ as many as six diacritical marks which combined with the regular letters make as many as fifty characters. In accordance with my invention these languages may be written with the Ordinar American typewriter keyboard without changing the letter portion thereof. The ordinary typewriter maybe in` accordance with my invention readily modified to Write, such foreign languages.

The printin of a diacritical mark over a letter shoul not cause any feed of 'the typewriter platen. In the usual .form of visible typewriter when a key is struck the ribbon vibrator is actuated to move the ribbon under the type bar and then after the character is printed the typewriter escapement operates to feed the carriage and platen one letter space ready for the next character to be printed. In printing diacritical marks the typewriter should be arranged so that the ribbon vibratorris actuated to move the.

ribbon under the type bar, but the escapement should not be actuated. The diacritical mark should be printed and the platen should remain in the same place so that the letter can be then printed beneath-the diacritical mark.

The present invention is illustrated as applied to the well known Remington Portable typewriter, although it will be obvious that it may be applied to other forms of typewriters to adapt them for writing foreign languages requiring diacritical marks.

In the drawings which illustrate the invention as embodied in a RemingtonPortable typewriter,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through French, Swedish, Polish and I-Iunthe typewriter illustrating a type bar, a portion of the escapement and ribbon vibrator, the remainder of the machine being indicated generally in dotted lines;

Figure 2 is a detail view showing the construction as modified in accordance with my invention;

Figure 3 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the typewriter, and

Figure 4 is a skeleton perspective view showing one of the diacritical mark printing keys and its connection with the ribbon vibrator.

In the drawings, the invention is shown as applied to the standard form of Remington Portable typewriter and for simplicity the greater part of the complicated mechanism thereof is omitted, the drawings being intended to illustrate the modifications made therein which embody the invention.

In the illustrated embodiment, the right hand end keys of the lower three rows of the key bank are used as so-called dead or accent keys for printing six .diacritical critical marks, however, are so arranged that while they operate the ribbon vibrator they do not operate the escapement. y

4In Figure 1, the key 1 is one of the ordinary letter keys Which operates both the ribbon vibrator and the escapement. The key 1 is carried on the key lever 2 lpivoted on a rod 3. The key lever is connected through the link 4 and sub-lever 5 to the type bar 6 which carries the types 7 and 8,

which are, respectively, the capital and lower A case forms of the saine letter.

The key lever 2 has a lug 9 which engages i one of the fingers 10 on the universal bar 11.

The movement of the universal bar operates b'oth the ribbon vibrator'and the escapement. The universal bar 1l is carried on levers 12, one at each side of the typewriter. These levers are pivoted at points 13 at opposite sides of the typewriter and are connected by a channel bar 14, the universal bar and its connected parts`partaking of the fore and aft case shifting movement'of the carriage and other parts that shift therewith. The operating movement of the universal bar is around its pivots 13. VV'hen the universal bar 11 is depressed, which occurs at every stroke of the normal character printing ke the channel bar 14 is given a slight rotatlon about the pivots 13. A llnk 15 1s attached to the channel bar 14 by means of the usualmechanism (not shown) and serves to o lines whic operates the escapement mechanism 17 which is not shown 'in detail, but which is standard in this machine.

A finger 18 iscarried on the channel bar 14 and operates the ribbon vibrator, When the channel bar is turned by the actuation of a key, the finger 18 engages on the under side only of the color shift bar 19 and raises it, thereby turning the lever 20 upwardly and to the rear. The motion of the lever 20 is directed to the ribbon vibrator 21 through the connecting link 22.

The lever 18 and the color shift bar 19 are shown in more detail in Figure 3. The color shift bar is pivoted around the axis 23, each of the pivots being indicated by such numeral in Figure 3. The color shift bar may be moved in the solid line position to print black or into the dotted line position to print another color, such as red, by means of the bell crank lever 24 controlled from the color shift lever at the side of the keyboard. When the color shift bar is in the position shown in solid lines, the lever 18 engages the portion 25 of the color shift bar and operates the ribbon vibrator to bring the black portion of the ribbon under the type. When the color shift bar is moved to the dotted line position, the lever 18 engages the portion 26 of the color shift bar, which is nearer to its axis 23, and thereby turns the color shift bar through a greater arc around its axis and moves the red half of the ribbon beneath the type bar, in case the two color ribbon is used.

A rod or rock shaft 27 extends across between the side frames of the machine and carries the lever arms (not shown) lwhich raise the padded type bar elevating rest 28, which is raised when the machine is to be used and lowered when the machine is to be packed in its case. Although this rod 27 is adapted to turn, it is fixed against bodily case shifting movement with the carriage and universal bar and is located directly beneath the pivots 13 of the latter.

Substantially all of the foregoing parts are standard in the well known Remin n Portable typewriter and no further detailed description thereof is deemed necessary as they are understood by any one skilledin the typewriter art.

It will be noted that the key levers bearing rate the lever 16 shown in ldotted the standard character keys operate theuniversal bar 11 to cause operation both of the ribbon vibrator and the escapement.

One of" the diacritical mark, accent, or dead keys 30, its key lever 31 and the ribbon vibrator connections controlled thereby in accordance with my invention are shown in detail in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The keyl lever 31 is pivoted to the rod 3. It is provided with the link 4 connecting it with its type bar (not shown). v

The finger 10 of the universal bar which would normally be engaged by the projection 9 on this key lever is,A however, cut awa as indicated at 40in Figure 4, so that the depression of the key lever 31 does not depress the universal bar 11 and to'thereby operate the ribbon vibrator and escapement.

Since the ribbon vibrator must be oper-A ated, a special ribbon vibrating connection 1s employed," a special lever or member to be actuated only by the diacritical mark or dead key levers and to transmit this motionto the ribbon vibrator. This special member may be madeV in different ways. About the easlest way is to make it of sheet metal'. A piece of sheet metal is bent to forma lever or member designated as a whole by the reference numeral 32. This member has forwardly and rearwardly projecting arms 33 and 34 respectively, connected by a channel portion 35 in the nature of a rock shaft which fits over and receives a bearing on the bar 27. The end ofthe lever arm 33 is turned upwardly at 36 :to The engaged by the three dead key levers :which carry the diacritical mark keys, one of which, 31, is shown in Figure 4, and the other two of which are indicated by reference numerals 37 and 38 in Figure. 3. The lever arm'34 extends beneath the-color shift bar 19 close beside and parallelwith the finger 18 which is carried by the channel bar 14. Then one of the keys bearing a diacritical mark is struck, its key lever engages the upturned end 36 of the lever arm 33 thereby turning the member 32 and raising the rearwardly extending lever arm 34 which in turn engages" and raises the color shift bar 19 and operates the ribbon vibrator 21 through the lever 20 and the connecting link 22. When the color shift -bar 19 is in the full line position, as shown in Figure 3, the lever 34 will engagethe portion 25 thereof to print black characters and when the color shift lbar 19 is in the dotted line position, the

- the universal bar beneath the key levers 3l, 37 and 38, I destroy the operative connection from these levers through thel universal bar tothe ribbon vibrator 'and escapement mechanism. By means of the member 32 I supply a new connection between the dead keytlevers and the ribbon vibrator mechanism, so that the ribbon vibrator is operated but without operation of the esca-pement. Y

In some forms of typewriters it is more convenient to operate the ribbon vibrator from all of the key levers by means of a special connection. In such case, the connection between the universal bar and the ribbon vibrator, corresponding in function to the finger 18, is removed. Such a mechanism is shown and claimed inmy co-pending application Serial No. 570,236 filed of even date herewith.

In printing a letterhaving a diacritical -mark, one of the dead keys is first struck,

making the dia'crit-ical mark. v Then the character key bearing the letter in question is struck and the letter printed beneath the diacritical mark.

The standard parts of the machineare substantially unchanged. Substantially the only change required, aside from changing the type and indices on the keys, in converting a `Remington Portable typewriter, for example, to print a foreign language requiring six diacritical marks, is the cutting olf of the three universal bar lingers 10 which are beneath the key levers 3l, 37 and 38, and the mounting of the lever 32 to turn freely on the rod 27, the rod 27 being already in the machine.

The invention may also be employed in typewriters for writing the English language or scientific symbols. By its use the diacritical marks for indicating pronuncia tion in English may be applied to the letters, or letters may be underlined without shifting back the typewriter carriage.

' The term diacritical'mark as employed in the claims isintended as a term of general description and not of limitation, and

includes not onlythe diacritical marks used in foreignlanguages but also the diacritical marks employed to indicate pronunciations in English as used in dictionaries and s ell-` ing books as well as any other mark a to a letter or character, such for example itis an underline, which it may be desired to ave While I have illustrated the invention as applied-to a Remington Portable typewriter, it is to *be understood that the invention is ded rinted by the typewriter without actuation of the escapement.

-my hand.

writer, but may be embodied in other typewriters and in other mechanisms within the scope of the following claims.

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of printing key levers, a pivoted Vuniversal bar operable directly by all of said key levers except one or Vmore selected for use as dead key levers which are inopvnot limited in its application to such typeerative on the universal bar,'a ribbon vibrator, escapement mechanism, actuating means controlled-by said universal bar for actuat- -the other of which coacts with said actuating means to move vthe vibrator independently of theuniversal bar escapement.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of printing key levers, a pivoted universal baroperable directly by all of said key levers except one or more selected for 'use as dead key levers which are inoperative on the universal bar, a ribbon vibrator, means for varymg the throw of the vlbrator -includinga handset shiftable member, an

arm on the universal bar co-operative with said hand set member to actuate the vibrator and which permits an actuation of said member and vibrator independently of said arm, escapement mechanism,- means controlled by said universal bar for actuating the escapement mechanism, and a sheet metal member mounted to rock on a rock shaft and having two arms yone of which is operated on vbythe dead key lever or levers and' the other of whichv operates on said hand set member to actuate the vibrator.

3. A typewriter having certain standard character keys and at least'one diacritical mark key, and having its universal bar out away beneath the key lever or levers of the diacritical mark key or keys so as not to be actuated thereby, and a lever mounted on a type bar rest lever rod 27 and having an arm to be en aged by the diacritlcal mark key lever or evers and a second arm for engaging the color shift bar 19,substantially as 115 described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set i inermi" MAMATEY. 

